chop(8) (iou) and electromagnetic (as used in expressions) (sh)

chop(8) (iou)

chop verb2. Infl. -pp-. Pa. t. & pple -pped, (arch.) -pt. LME.
[Origin uncertain: perh. var. of CHAP verb1. First evidenced in chop-church (see below).]
verb intrans. & trans. Barter, traffic (with); exchange by way of commerce. Long obsolete exc. dial. LME.
chop and change:
a. verb phr. intrans. Barter, traffic, (with). Now chiefly fig., change one's tactics, vacillate, be inconstant. L15.
b. verb phr. trans. Barter, exchange; fig. make different, alter. Now rare. M16.
verb trans. chop logic, engage in pedantically logical arguments. E16.
verb intrans. Exchange words; answer back. L16-E17.
verb intrans. Change, shift; esp. Nautical (of the wind) veer round, about, suddenly. M17.
Comb.: chop-church a trafficker in ecclesiastical benefices; chop-logic (a) disputatious argument; (b) a person who argues pedantically or sophistically.