conifer (iou) and ancien regime (sh)

conifer (iou)

conifer noun. M19.
[Latin conifer adjective, cone-bearing, from conus CONE noun: see -FER.]
A gymnospermous tree or shrub of the order Coniferales, members of which typically bear cones and evergreen needle-like leaves and include the pines, firs, cedars, larches, spruces, yews, etc.
coniferi'zation noun conversion of woodland to coniferous forest; planting with coniferous trees: M20.

ancien regime (sh)

(French: "old order") Political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution.

Under the regime, everyone was a subject of the king of France as well as a member of an estate and province. All rights and status flowed from the social institutions, divided into three orders: clergy, nobility, and others (the Third Estate). There was no national citizenship.

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