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variation (iou) - Pest Star


See Also: variation(dictionary)
variation(encyclopedia)
variation(dictionary)
Variation(medicine)
Variation(money)
Variation margin(money)
Coefficient of variation(finance)
Trading variation(finance)
Variation margin(finance)
Variation of trust(finance)

variation (iou)



variation noun. LME.
[Old & mod. French, or directly from Latin variatio(n-), formed as VARIATE verb: see -ATION.]
I. gen.
Difference, divergence, or discrepancy between two or more things or people; variance, conflict; an instance of this. Long obsolete exc. as passing into sense 3. LME.
a. Uncertainty, doubt. Only in L15.
b. Inconstancy. E-M16.
The fact of varying in condition, character, degree, etc., over time or distance, or among a number of instances; the fact of undergoing change or alteration, esp. within certain limits; the degree or amount of this. E16.
Alan Johnson Variation in wall thickness..is typical of hollow cast-iron columns. Independent Temporary workers to cope with seasonal variation in demand.
An instance of varying or changing; a change in something, esp. within certain limits; a difference due to some change or alteration. E17.
T. H. Huxley In different specimens..the lava exhibits great variations. B. Bryson Minute variations in speech..along the eastern seaboard.
A deviation or departure from something. M17.
W. Cruise He did not..make any variation from what was then determined.
The action or an act of making some change or alteration, esp. (Law) in the terms of an order, trust, contract, etc. E18.
deed of variation, variation order, etc.
Independent The first defendant sought a variation of the injunction.
A different or distinct form or version of something; a variety, a variant; Chess a particular line of play. Freq. foll. by of or (passing into transf. use of sense 12a) on. M19.
II. spec.
The (amount of) deviation of a compass needle etc. from the true north and south line; the angular difference between magnetic north and true north. Also more fully variation of the compass, variation of the lodestone, variation of the needle. Cf. DECLINATION 4c. LME.
The change in the length of the mercury in the tube of a barometer, thermometer, etc.; the extent or range of this. E18.
Astronomy. A deviation of a celestial object from its mean orbit or motion; esp. the libration of the moon. E18.
Math.
a. = PERMUTATION 3a. Only in E18.
b. = COMBINATION 3a. Only in E18.
c. Change in a function or functions of an equation due to an indefinitely small increase or decrease in the value of the constants. M18.
d. The amount by which some quantity changes in value; esp. the change in a function when there is a small change in the variables or constituent functions of the function. E19.
e. The difference between the values of a function at either end of a subinterval; the sum of such differences for all the non-overlapping subintervals into which a given interval is divided; the upper bound (if any) of this sum when all possible modes of subdividing the interval are considered. E20.
a. Music. A version of a theme modified in melody, rhythm, harmony, or ornamentation, so as to present it in a new but still recognizable form; each of a set of versions of a theme so modified; in pl. (now rare), the embellishments added to a simple air to give variety on repetition. Also, the musical technique of so modifying a theme. Usu. foll. by on (a theme). E19.
Guardian Marvellously weighted accompanying chords in the fifth Trout variation. transf.: Modern Painters Minor variations on the themes and techniques of the French Impressionists. fig.: D. Eden Her devious husband..thought out new variations on the theme of burglary.
b. Ballet. A solo dance. E20.
Biology. Divergence, esp. genetic or heritable divergence, in the structure, character, or function of (part of) an organism from that considered typical of or usual in the species or group. Also, the fact or occurrence of an organism in more than one (esp. genetically) distinct form. M19.
R. Dawkins Darwinian selection has to have genetic variation to work on.
b. A slight departure or divergence from a typical or original form; a (heritable) change in an organism. M19.
Phrases: calculus of variations Math. a form of calculus applied to expressions or functions in which the law relating the quantities is liable to variation, esp. to find what relation between the variables makes an integral a maximum or a minimum. elegant variation: see ELEGANT 2.
Comb.: variation method Physics a method for finding an approximate solution to Schr?dinger's equation by varying the trial solutions to find which gives the lowest value for the energy and is therefore closest to the true solution; variation principle Physics the principle (employed in the variation method) that the energy corresponding to an arbitrary wave function cannot be less than the actual lowest energy of the system under consideration.

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