See Also: Smolensk(encyclopedia)
Smolensk(tourism)
Smolensk car rental(tourism)
Smolensk doctors(health)
Smolensk airports(tourism)
Smolensk flights(tourism)
Smolensk hotels list(tourism)
Smolensk travel agency(tourism)
Smolensk travel agent(tourism)
Smolensk travel guide(tourism)

Digital Preservation (law) and Smolensk (sh)


Digital Preservation (law)




ensuring that a digital object continues to be accessible and useful over a long period of time, which usually requires both media conversion (copying from one old tape format to a new tape format before the old tapes are no longer readable) and format conversion (changing from some file structure or encoding to a newer one that will continue to be used and understood).





Smolensk (sh)




City (pop., 1999 est.: 355,700), western Russia.

One of the oldest and most historic of Russian cities, it was a key stronghold on the Dnieper River by the 9th century and became a commercial centre on the trade route between the Baltic Sea and the Byzantine Empire. Sacked by the Tatars งใ 1240, it subsequently fell to Lithuania. Sieges led to its capture by Moscow in 1340 and recapture by Lithuania in 1408. It was fought over several times, then was finally taken by Russia in 1654. It was burned during Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812. The scene of heavy fighting in World War II, it was occupied by the Germans from 1941 to 1943. It is a light-industry and educational centre.