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Hawk (medicine) and Bessarabia (sh)


Hawk (medicine)


hawk
<ornithology> One of numerous species and genera of rapacious birds of the family Falconidae.

They differ from the true falcons in lacking the prominent tooth and notch of the bill, and in having shorter and less pointed wings. Many are of large size and grade into the eagles. Some, as the goshawk, were formerly trained like falcons. In a more General sense the word is not infrequently applied, also, to true falcons, as the sparrow hawk, pigeon hawk, duck hawk, and prairie hawk.

Among the common American species are the red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis); the red-shouldered (B. Lineatus); the broad-winged (B. Pennsylvanicus); the rough-legged (Archibuteo lagopus); the sharp-shinned Accipiter fuscus).

See: fishhawk, goshawk, marsh hawk, night hawk.

Origin: OE. Hauk (prob. Fr. Icel), havek, AS. Hafoc, heafoc; akin to D. Havik, OHG. Habuh, G. Habicht, Icel. Haukr, Sw. Hok, Dan. Hog, prob. From the root of E. Heave.

Source: Websters Dictionary


Bessarabia (sh)




Region, eastern Europe.

It is bounded by the Prut and Dniester rivers, the Black Sea, and the Danube River delta. Greek colonies were founded on its Black Sea coast in the 7th century BC, and it was probably part of Dacia in the 2nd century AD. It became part of Moldavia in the 15th century; the Turks later annexed the southern portion into the Ottoman empire. The remainder fell to them in the 16th century when Moldavia submitted to the Turks; Bessarabia remained under Turkish control until the 19th century. Russia acquired it and half of Moldavia in 1812 and retained control until World War I. A nationalist movement developed, and after the Russian Revolution of 1917 Bessarabia declared its independence and voted to unite with Romania. The Soviet Union never recognized Romania's right to the province and in 1940 demanded that it cede Bessarabia; when Romania complied, the U.S.S.R. set up the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (see Moldova), and incorporated the northern region into the Ukrainian S.S.R. Bessarabia remained divided after Ukraine and Moldavia declared independence in 1991.