layers of retina (medicine) and Canadian Alliance (sh)

layers of retina (medicine)

layers of retina -->
retina
Light sensitive layer of the eye. In vertebrates, looking from outside, there are four major cell layers: (i) the outer neural retina, which contains neurons (ganglion cells, amacrine cells, bipolar cells) as well as blood vessels, (ii) the photoreceptor layer, a single layer of rods and cones, (iii) the pigmented retinal epithelium (PRE or RPE), (iv) the choroid, composed of connective tissue, fibroblasts and including a well vascularised layer, the chorio capillaris, underlying the basal lamina of the PRE. Behind the choroid is the sclera, a thick organ capsule.

In molluscs (especially cephalopods such as the squid) the retina has the light sensitive cells as the outer layer with the neural and supporting tissues below.

See: retinal rods, retinal cones, rhodopsin.

Canadian Alliance (sh)

French Alliance Canadienne

Former conservative Canadian political party.

It was created in 2000 from the merger of the Reform Party of Canada with Other conservative groups in an effort to mount a united challenge to the ruling Liberal Party of Canada. By 1997 the Reform Party, whose support had been concentrated in the western Canadian provinces, held 60 seats in the Canadian House of Commons and was the official opposition party. The new Canadian Alliance gained 66 seats in the 2000 election and became the official opposition, though it was unable to make significant inroads in eastern Canada. In 2003 the party merged with the Progressive Conservative Party to form the Conservative Party of Canada. The party's platform generally favoured a reduction in the size of government, lower taxes, and conservative positions on social issues.

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