See Also: Birney, (Alfred) Earle(encyclopedia)
medical directives, advance(medicine)
Directives, advance medical(health)
Advance medical directives(health)
Advance medical directives(medicine)
directives, advance medical(medicine)
Birney, James G(illespie)(encyclopedia)
Herbal medicine (botanical medicine, herbology, phytomedicine)(health)
Earle L fibrosarcoma(medicine)
Earle (as used in expressions)(encyclopedia)

medical directives, advance (medicine) and Birney, (Alfred) Earle (sh)


medical directives, advance (medicine)


medical directives, advance
Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines that are to be followed by Health care providers; (2) a Health care proxy (also called a power of attorney for Health-care decision-making) in which the person designates a trusted individual to make medical decisions in the event that he or she becomes too incapacitated to make such decisions. Advance directive requirements vary greatly from one jurisdiction to another and should therefore be drawn up in consultation with an attorney who is familiar with the laws of the particular jurisdiction. (this entry is based upon material from the national ms society).


Birney, (Alfred) Earle (sh)




born May 13, 1904, Calgary, Alta., Northwest Territories [Canada]
died Sept. 3, 1995, Toronto, Ont.

Canadian poet and educator.

Birney received a Ph.D. from the University of Toronto and brought out his first collection of poetry, David (1942, Governor General's Award), during his time there. After serving in World War II, he published Now Is Time (1946, Governor General's Award) and Other collections and held a number of teaching and editorial positions. His love of language led him to experiment with sound poems and to explore concrete poetry; he also wrote two novels, a drama in verse, and several Radio plays.